Death by Heat: Heatstroke Can be Life-threatening

With the recent heat waves that swept through the country, it is important to be aware of how dangerous it can actually be. Heat advisories were issued for many states and history tells us that extreme heat kills; 3,442 people died between 1999 and 2003 due to extremely hot weather. Scientists say that very young, very old and very sick are at the greatest risk of suffering heat stroke. In addition to heatstroke, heat cramps which are much milder can also occur. Heat exhaustion is more dangerous than heat cramps but less dangerous than heatstroke and manifests as increased body temperature, nausea and vomiting.

The reason heatstroke is so dangerous because it affects the brain which can lead to confusion and dizziness. The body loses its ability to sweat, resulting in a dramatic increase in body temperature. Organ function can also be impaired due to heatstroke. Fewer cases of heatstroke are seen in the South where summers can get extremely hot and some health experts believe that is because people living there grow acclimated to the temperatures.

Heatstroke can require a hospitalization where a patient’s body temperature is decreased and closely monitored. A two day stay may be necessary to stabilize the patient. If the patient has no breathing and circulation problems, one of the techniques used to lower the body temperature involves taking his or her clothes off and spraying them with cool water while a fan is running. IV fluids that have been refrigerated may also be used to counteract dehydration that often accompanies heatstroke.

Preventing heatstroke is the best option and can be done in several ways.  Outdoor temperatures are highest from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. so it is best to avoid outdoor physical activities between these times if possible. If outside activity is necessary, drinking water at half-hour intervals will help keep you hydrated and seek temporary relief in a cool spot. Light clothing in both material and color along with a wide-brimmed hat can also help in keeping you as cool. Look at the color of your urine and if is a dark yellow, it is too concentrated and you need to drink more water. People who suffer from renal, hepatic and cardiovascular problems should take extra precautions to prevent heatstroke.

The most important you can do to prevent heatstroke is to remember to drink water!